Important Questions:

Q1a) Define following:

• Significant figure
• Exponential notation
• Molar volume
• Stoichiometry
• Mole
• Avagadro number

b) Differentiate in following

• Emperical formula and molecular formula
• Random error and systematic error
• Amorphous and crystalline solid

Q2a) Types of crystals

b) Electrolysis

c) X-rays and atomic number

d) numericals

Q3a) State and explain behaviour of gas and liquid according of kinetic molecular theory

b) Define following

• Pauli's exclusion principles
• Unit Cell
• Vapour pressure

Q3a) Describe Rutherfords atomic model and explain its basic assumption and defects

b) Explain Hydrogen spectrum

c) Describe discharge tube experiment and give properties of cathode rays and positive rays

D) Define the following

• Ionization potential
• Electron affinity
• Electo negativity
• Ionic radius

e)Write a note on:

1. Quantum number
2. Aufbau principles
3. Hydrogen bonding
4. Heisenberg's uncertainity principle

Q4a) Define hybernization. Explain type of hybernization

b) Give the points of electron pair repulsion theory and explain hyberdization geometry and structure of following molecule(NH3, H2O, BF3, C2H4)

c) Differentiate following:

• Polar bond and non polar bond
• Sigma bond and pi bond
• Atomic orbital and Molecular orbital
• Bonding orbital and Antibonding Molecular orbital

d) What is chemical bond? Explain covalent bond and co-ordinate covalent bond with an example (NaCl)

Q5a) Define following:

• System
• Surrounding
• Heat of formation
• Exothermic reaction and Endothermic reaction
• Intensive and Extensive properties
• Hess's Law of summation

b) State and explain 1st law of thermodynamics and prove (pressure volume work, qp=delta H, qy= delta E)

c) Important reasons:

1. Liquid give capalary action
2. Food rapidly cooked in pressure cooker
3. Dipole movement of CO2 is zero
4. Ionic bond in NaCl is formed
5. HCl is polar but H2 is non- polar
6. Honey is more viscous than water
7. Powder CaCO3 highly reactive than their crystalline CaCO

d) Define radioactivity and type of radio active elements? Give properties of alpha, beta and gemma rays

e) Numericals

Q6a) Define the following:

• Solubility product
• Equillibrim state
• Reversible and irreversible reaction
• Bond Energy

b) Common Ion effect

c) What is electrode potential. Describe (SHE) Standard hydrogen electrode. How is electrode potential of Zn or Cu determined

d) Write a short note on:

1. Hydrogen bond
2. Velocity of reaction
3. PH

Q7a) Define the following:

• Order of reaction
• Molecularity
• Inhibitor

b) Define rate of reaction. Explain effecting factors on rate of reaction

c) Write a short note on enrgy of activation

d) Numericals