Important Questions:

Section A:

1- Define the Following

• Mosely Periodic table
• Octane law
• Triad Law
• Periodicity
• Group

2- State and explain Mendleev periodic table with advantage and disadvantage

3- Write group, block, and peiod (i) Zn (Z= 30), (ii) Cu (Z=29), (iii) CO (Z= 28), (iv) Cl (Z=17), (v) Na (Z=11)

4- Give three preparations of Hydrogen gas and explain separation of H2 gas from water gas

5- Write Castner Kellner's process

6- Justify position of Hydrogen in periodic table

7- What is atomic Hydrogen? Give preparation and properties of atomic Hydrogen

8- Explain preparation of Na2CO3 by ammonia solvay process

9- What is group trend. Explain following group trend of S- Block element. (Electronegativity, Electrode Potential, Hydration energy, Ionic Radiu) Short Note on Bleaching powder

10- Chemical reactions of HNO3

11- Allotropes of Sulphur or alum

12- How is chlorine obtain by Nelson cell. Explain chmeical reaction of chlorine gas

13- Short note on Borax, H2S, Allotropy of Carbon

14- What is transition element. Give following properties of d-block elements.( variable oxidation state, Complex formation, Colour formation, Magnetic properties, Catalytic properties, IUPAC name of complex)

15- Write a note a note on Photography, Tin Plating, Corrosion and its prevention, Stainless steel

Important Reasons:

1. Why H2 molecular hydrogen is less reactive than atomic hydrogen
2. Why IP of Na is smaller than Mg
3. Why hydration enrgy of Li+ ion is greater than CS+ ion
4. Why BP and viscosity of H2SO4 is powerful reducing agent
5. Why Cl2 replace Bromine from KBr
6. Why NH3 and H2Oact as ligands and H3O+NH+4 do not act as ligand
7. Why Cr and Cu divate from rule of electronic configuration

Section B:

1. Write a short note on:( Polymerization, Refining or cracking, Isomerism)
2. Draw Orbital structure of ethane and ethene
3. Give two methods of preparation of ethane, methane, ethyne

Important Equation Reactions

1- Write down three equations of the reaction when:

• Methane and ethane reacts with chlorine
• Ethene reacts with solution of KMNO4
• Ethene reacts with S2Cl2
• Ethyne reacts with H2O at specific condition
• Ethyne reacts with HX (Morkonikoff rule)
• Ethyne reacts with solution of KMNO4

2- Why Acetylene is called Acidic molecule prove with example

3- Give preparation of Benzene from Aliphatic and Aromatic compounds

4- Discuss the structure of benzene as given by Kekule & Armstrong and Bayer

5- Give the two equations only in each case to show that (Benzene behave as insaturated hydrocarbon, Benzene behaves as Saturated Hydrocarbon)

6- Define orientation. explain deactivating and activating group with mechanism

7- Starting from benzene preapre following compounds (para nitrobenzoic acid, meta nitro toluene, meta chloro acetophenone, Hexachloro cyclo hexane)

8- Define alcohol. Explain classification of alcohol give three method of preparation

9- Define elimination reaction. Explain type of elimination reaction.

10- What is Grignard reagent. Preapre following compounds from Grignard reagent( Ethanoic acid, Ter-alcohol, Alkane)

11- One method of preparation of following (methanol, acetone, Methanal, Phenol, diethyla ether)

12- Write down the equation of reactions when:

13- Methyl alcohol reacts with acetic acid

14- Ethyl alcohol reacts with Na metal

15- Excess ethyl alcohol reacts with H2SO4

16- Methanal reacts with HCN, NH2OH, NaOH

17- Acetone reacts with iodine and Na2CO3

18-Phenol reacts with Conc.HNO3 at 100C

19- Phenol reacts with Br2

Important notes

1. Amino acid
2. Protein
3. Vitamins or Enzyme
4. Plastic or Varnishes
5. Detergents
6. Paints

Important definitions

1. Catenation
2. Saponification

Important Distinguishing Tests

1. Alkane and Alkene
2. Alkene and Alkyne
3. Ethane and Ethyle Halide
4. Aldehyde and Ketone
5. Oils and Fats

Important Chemical Formula

(Suhaga, Sundhure, Lumur caustic, Bleaching powder, Gypsum, Epsum, Hypo, Plaster of Paris, Neutral Ligand, Blue Vitriol, Oleum)